I'm pretty sure they are talking about the revolution of the moon orbiting the Earth. (Which is going counterclockwise) I'm not 100% sure though.
Answer:
Wilhelm Wundtis the the Psychology father
So I think option 1
The appropriate response is Nicolaus Copernicus. The heliocentric model says that the sun is at the focal point of the universe, and the absence of the move of stars intended to them that they were moving around a similar thing the Earth was, or the Sun.