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The generality of Article III of the Constitution raised questions that Congress had to address in the Judiciary Act of 1789. These questions had no easy answers, and the solutions to them were achieved politically. The First Congress decided that it could regulate the jurisdiction of all Federal courts, and in the Judiciary Act of 1789, Congress established with great particularity a limited jurisdiction for the district and circuit courts, gave the Supreme Court the original jurisdiction provided for in the Constitution, and granted the Court appellate jurisdiction in cases from the Federal circuit courts and from the state courts where those courts rulings had rejected Federal claims. The decision to grant Federal courts a jurisdiction more restrictive than that allowed by the Constitution represented a recognition by the Congress that the people of the United States would not find a full-blown Federal court system palatable at that time.
For nearly all of the next century the judicial system remained essentially as established by the Judiciary Act of 1789. Only after the country had expanded across a continent and had been torn apart by civil war were major changes made. A separate tier of appellate circuit courts created in 1891 removed the burden of circuit riding from the shoulders of the Supreme Court justices, but otherwise left intact the judicial structure.
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Graciela does not know the real reason why Hayden is wearing the hat.
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If a child of a Russian noble didn't learn mathematics, that child was not allowed to marry. The Great Sovereign at that time, Peter I, decreed in 1699 that the New Year's celebration switch to January 1 from September 1. He also decreed that children between 10 and 15 had to learn mathematics in order to get married. This didn't apply to children of freeholders and government clerks. After children mastered math, they were given marriage certificates written in their own handwriting. If they didn't master the subject, they weren't allowed to be given these certificates, and thus, couldn't marry.
The correct answer is D.
The "Four Freedoms" speech was given on January 6th 1941. The goal of this speech was to move America away from this isolationist policy, as he discussed how the freedoms of individuals all over the world were at stake in World War II.
Roosevelt discusses how their are four freedoms that individuals all over the world should have. This includes freedom from fear, freedom of speech, freedom to worship God in any way they want, and freedom from want. During the time of this speech, millions of people did not have these rights thanks to reigns of totalitarian dictators such as Mussolini and Hitler. FDR argues that America should play a role in helping these citizens gain these freedoms.
The statement that best explains why the Supreme Court ruled in the students favor is A; The events involved symbolic speech without disruption. The Tinker v. Des Moines involved the suspension of three teenagers that wore armbands to school in support of protesting against the Vietnam War. The court ruling was that the students' free speech right was violated by the school district.