When moose initially colonized Isle Royale, they encountered an environment that lacked predators and had ample food sources. At
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Answer:
The respiratory system is necessary for an organism's body to live because it introduces oxygen-rich air, which is needed to perform vital functions, while at the same time promoting the elimination of carbon dioxide.
Explanation:
Oxygen (O₂) is necessary for life because it participates in the process of cellular respiration, a mechanism that allows the oxidation of glucose to form energy in the form of ATP.
The respiratory system is made up of a set of organs that carry air into the body and facilitate gas exchange, i.e. the entry of O₂ into the blood and the elimination of potentially harmful carbon dioxide (CO₂).
This exchange of gases occurs in structures called pulmonary alveoli, whose surface is located in relation to the pulmonary capillary vessels.
- The entry of air into the lungs brings O₂ to the alveoli, which will diffuse into the pulmonary capillary for the process of hematosis or oxygenation of the blood.
- CO₂, a product of metabolism, leaves the capillary to the alveoli, to join the air that will be expelled during expiration.
Both O₂ and CO₂ require a transport molecule in the blood, red blood cell hemoglobin, which binds the gases and allows them to be transported to and from the tissues.
Learn more:
Exchange of respiratory gases brainly.com/question/4569375
Answer: X is propionyl-CoA, CH3CH2C0CoA
The structure and reaction pathway are shown in the attachments.
Explanation: In the oxidation of odd-number fatty acids, the substrate for the last pass through beta-oxidation is fatty acyl-CoA with a five-carbon fatty acid. This is oxidized and cleaved to acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle while the propionyl-CoA is converted in three enzymatic steps to succinyl-CoA which can then enter the citric acid cycle.
Step 1: Conversion of propionyl-CoA to D-methylmalonyl-CoA
Propionyl-CoA is carboxylated to D-methylmalonyl-CoA by the enzyme <em>propionyl-CoA carboxylase</em>, which contains the cofactor <em>biotin</em>. A molecule of ATP and Carbon (iv) oxide (in the form of hydrogen carbonate ion) is required also.
Step 2: Epimerization of D-methylmalonyl-CoA
D-methylmalonyl-CoA is epimerized by the enzyme <em>methylmalonyl-Co epimerase</em> to its L stereoisomer, <em>L-methylmalonyl-CoA.</em>
Step 3: Conversion of L-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA
This reaction is catalysed by <em>methylmalonyl-CoA mutase</em> which requires the <em>coenzyme B12.</em>
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