Answer:
Non-coding DNA.
Explanation:
Inversion is a type of chromosomal abnormality in which the sequence of a segment of a chromosome is inverted or rotated at an angle of 180 degrees. This type of abnormality can change the reading frame of the gene and can cause mutations.
But if the genome sequence is non-coding that is not involved in the formation of protein synthesis than even if the reading frame is inverted will not affect the phenotype of the cell. Also, the non-coding sequences are removed by the splicing mechanisms.
Thus, Non-coding DNA is correct.
Answer/Explanation:
(1) a mutation in the coding region, resulting in an inactive protein
To check to see if there is a mutation, you could extract the DNA from the cancer cells and then perform PCR to amplify the gene of interest. You could then perform sanger sequencing and compare the sequence to the normal gene to see if a mutation is present. To test the effect of the mutation, you would want to see if an active protein has been formed.
To see if a normal sized protein has been formed, you could perform a western blot, comparing the protein band to the WT protein band. If the protein is absent or much smaller, it is likely not a functional protein.
(2) epigenetic silencing at the promoter of the gene, resulting in reduced transcription.
To check for changes in the epigenetic landscape of the promoter, you could perform chromatin immunoprecipitation by extracting the chromatin from the tumour cells and using antibodies for different chromatin marks to see what has changed between the normal cells and the tumor cells. E.g. H3K9me3, H3K27me3. You would perform a pull down with the antibody of interest and then PCR for your promoter to specifically look at changes at that gene compared to normal cells. To test DNA methylation, you could perform bisulfite sequencing.
To see how transcription is affected, you could extract RNA from the tumor and normal cells, and compare the levels of RNA between the two samples by qRT-PCR
Answer:
To study the importance of the RNA telomer element, we can evaluate it by generating an in vitro state where all the purified components are included, organizing two groups, one of them will have an RNAase and the other will not, if it is observed that the telomeres extend to the component of the RNA, in the set where there is no RNAase, longer telomeres could be observed, if there were no influence of the RNA, the length in both groups would be the same
