1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Marina86 [1]
3 years ago
14

The _______ number system allows digital devices to represent virtually any number simply by using 0s and 1s.â

Computers and Technology
1 answer:
zhuklara [117]3 years ago
4 0
The answer is <span>Digital data 

</span>
You might be interested in
1000base-t is a standard for achieving throughputs ____ times faster than fast ethernet over copper cable.
meriva
An Average of 10 times faster.

Hope this helps!
3 0
3 years ago
If there are 8 opcodes and 10 registers, a. What is the minimum number of bits required to represent the OPCODE? b. What is the
Nimfa-mama [501]

Answer:  

For 32 bits Instruction Format:

OPCODE   DR               SR1                   SR2      Unused bits

a) Minimum number of bits required to represent the OPCODE = 3 bits

There are 8 opcodes. Patterns required for these opcodes must be unique. For this purpose, take log base 2 of 8 and then ceil the result.

Ceil (log2 (8)) = 3

b) Minimum number of bits For Destination Register(DR) = 4 bits

There are 10 registers. For unique register values take log base 2 of 10 and then ceil the value.  4 bits are required for each register. Hence, DR, SR1 and SR2 all require 12 bits in all.  

Ceil (log2 (10)) = 4

c) Maximum number of UNUSED bits in Instruction encoding = 17 bits

Total number of bits used = bits used for registers + bits used for OPCODE  

     = 12 + 3 = 15  

Total  number of bits for instruction format = 32  

Maximum  No. of Unused bits = 32 – 15 = 17 bits  

OPCODE                DR              SR1             SR2              Unused bits

  3 bits              4 bits          4 bits           4 bits                17 bits

7 0
3 years ago
in a management information system, the quality of information is determined by its usefulness to users, and its usefulness dete
Gekata [30.6K]

Answer:

It is true, that in a management information system, the quality of information is determined by its usefulness to users, and its usefulness determines the success of the information system.

Explanation:

A management information system (MIS) is a computerized and centralized database that collects data from many different resources in the organization. And, then processes and organized the data in a way that would be useful and helpful in making a business decision. These days, for both large and small organization, collection of data and use of technology are so prevalent and these organization collecting the data from their businesses resources daily even hourly such as daily sale, daily expense, hourly wages, etc, and then managing it in a way to make a right business decision. A good MIS in an organization gives a competitive advantage because it turns the data into usable and into helpful information that can be used in making business decisions and strategy and to increase profit.

However, the information quality is based on its usefulness to the user or to the organization. Because if the MIS produces the information that is not useful to the user, the information and use of MIS are useless in the organization because the information that is required in making a business decision is not useful.

If the MIS produces the quality information to its user in making the right business decision and organization or user take the right decision that brings profit to the organization.  Then, this use of information determines the success of an information system in an organization.

For example:

In a Bakery, the MIS produce the right information in making decision e.g. MIS produce information to bakery owner that on valentine day, most people buy chocolate. Then, the owner tries to meet the demand for chocolate on valentine's day. Therefore, this is the quality of information and it is determined by its usefulness to the bakery owner and its usefulness determines the success of MIS.

4 0
3 years ago
One of the earlier applications of crypto-graphic hash functions was the storage of passwords to authenticate usersin computer s
vagabundo [1.1K]

Answer: provided in the explanation part.

Explanation:

This is actually quite long but nevertheless i will make it as basic as possible.

Question (a)  

Attack A:

One way property of hash means that we can't find the input string if given the hash value. The calculation of hash from input string is possible but it is not possible to calculate the input string when given the hash. If the hash function is properly created to have one-way property then there is no way of finding the exact input string. So this attack won't work as the one-way property of hash function can't be broken if the hash function is properly created.

Attack B:

Suppose h() is the hash function. And h(x) = m where x is the string and m is the hash. Then trying to find another string y such that h(y) = m is called finding out the second pre-image of the hash.

Although we can't know the exact initial string for sure, we can by using brute force method find out a second preimage.

This attack will take a very long time. It has the time complexity of 2n. It requires the attacker to have an idea about the kind of passwords that might be used and then brute force all of them to find the string that has the same hash. Each try will have a chance of 1/2n to succeed.

Rainbow attack using rainbow table is often used for such brute-force attack. This comprises a rainbow table which contains passwords and their pre-hashed values.

Therefore, it is not possible to determine the second preimages of h so easily.

Attack C:

Collisions refer to finding out m and m' without knowing any of them. Finding out collisions is easier than finding preimages. This is because after finding out 2n pairs of input/output. The probability of two of them having the same output or hash becomes very high. The disadvantage is that we can't decide which user's hash to break. However, if I do not care about a particular user but want to get as many passwords as possible, then this method is the most feasible.

It has the time complexity of 2n/2.

Hence, this is the attack which has the most success rate in this scenario.

Question (b)

The brute force way of finding out the password usually involves using a rainbow attack. It comprises a rainbow table with millions of passwords and their hashes already computed. By matching that table against the database, the password can be recovered.

Therefore it is often preferred to salt the password. It means we add some random text to the password before calculating the hash.

The salts are usually long strings. Although users usually do not select long passwords, so a rainbow table with hashes of smaller passwords is feasible. But once salt is used, the rainbow table must accommodate for the salt also. This makes it difficult computationally. Although password might be found in the rainbow table. The salt can be anything and thus, make brute-force a LOT more difficult computationally.

Therefore salt is preferred to be added to passwords before computing their hash value.

Question (c)

A hash output length of 80 means there can be exactly 280 different hash values. This means there is at least one collision if 280+1 random strings are hashed because 280 values are used to accommodate all the possible strings. It is not hard with today's computation power to do match against more than this many strings. And doing so increases the probability of exposing a probable password of a user.

Hence, 80 is not a very secure value for the hash length.

cheers i hope this helps!!!!

6 0
3 years ago
How to make a 'Sign in with replit' button in replit (Node.js) will make brainliest
Y_Kistochka [10]

hit the sign in botten or create new account

3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • Net Worth is equal to assets minus liabilities. Which event will have the greatest impact (positive or negative) on one's net wo
    5·1 answer
  • "Consideration of being digitally" literate Means to produce digital technology Participate in digital activities none of the ch
    11·1 answer
  • Which of the following statements is true regarding the e-mails that were collected from Marina and Rita's Cupcakes' key employe
    11·1 answer
  • During which phase of film making does the team outline their vision for the film?
    5·1 answer
  • dam is writing a program that: 1) has the user guess a number, and 2) tells the user how many guesses it took to get the correct
    9·1 answer
  • A 9-year old male castrated Westie presents on emergency after being rescued from a house fire. On presentation, the dog has a r
    9·1 answer
  • Which statement is false? Select one: a. Function printf does not care how large the array it is printing is. b. Function scanf
    9·1 answer
  • Explain mechanical computer ,electromechanical and electronic computer with example<br>​
    11·1 answer
  • Which of the following tools helps ensure your document will open in older versions of word
    13·1 answer
  • a developer manages an application that interacts with amazon rds. after observing slow performance with read queries, the devel
    7·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!