Although there are no options attached, we can comment on the following.
One way in which African states or societies changed as a result of the spread of Islam in the period circa 1200 to 1450 was the way the culture had to adapt to Muslim customs. Let's set the example of the Mali Empire.
The Mali Empire started in 1240 and ended in 1645 CE. It was Sundiata who decided to centralize the government, developed a great army and established the presence of Islam in the Empire, which intermingled with previous African religious beliefs. It was Mansa Musa who took the empire to new levels of development, controlling the trade routes of the time and increasing the power and presence of the Mali Empire.
This had brought the United States into the War. If not for the Americans many events like D-Day or the Atom bombs strike would not have happened. Ultimately this would but Britan in Ruins and leave Russia as the only support to destroy the germans. From their, Japan could attack Russia forcing it to surrender. Leaving the Axis in a worldwide victory
The Constitutional Issues that arose in the above presidential actions were:
- Ronald Reagan - Iran - Contra Affair - Separation of Powers.
- Bill Clinton impeachment - Checks and Balances principle.
- George W. Bush : Use of executive priviledge - Separation of Powers
- George W. Bush: Patriot Act: - Bill of Rights violation
- George W. Bush: Iraq War - Separation of Powers.
<h3>What were the constitutional issues involved in past president's actions?</h3>
The Separation of Powers principle allows Congress the sole power over U.S. funding efforts internationally. President Reagan's administration circumvented this by trading with Iraq and funding Contra rebels.
Bill Clinton's impeachment showed the Checks and Balances principle that allows for Congress to act against the president for misdemenor crimes.
George Bush tried to use executive privilege but this could only go so far because Congress had powers over his purported actions
The Patriot Act violated the Bill of Rights as regards searches without warrants and violation of privacy. The Iraq War showed the separation of powers principle because Congress had to okay an invasion before it happened.
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The Urgent responses that in involving the military are:
- A revolution
- An act of terrorism
- Nuclear weapon attack
- Political riot and others
<h3>What is U.N responses involving the military?</h3>
The UN is known to be the United nations and it is said to be a body that often deploy some military personnel for service in regards to peace operations.
Note that the UN military personnel can be called in response are:
- The Protection of civilians and UN personnel.
- To look and handle a disputed border.
- To look and handle as well as observe peace processes in regards to post-conflict areas
- They give security across a conflict zone;
- They give security during elections, etc.
Hence, The Urgent responses that in involving the military are:
- A revolution
- An act of terrorism
- Nuclear weapon attack
- Political riot and others
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The Founders made the amendment process difficult because they wanted to lock in the political deals that made ratification of the Constitution possible. Moreover, they recognized that, for a government to function well, the ground rules should be stable.
