A naval base is the answer
1 is long term because it’s talking about a process that took years. 2 is short term because the population boom was very sudden. 3 is long term because the effect spans centuries.
The RMS Lusitania was a ship that sailed from New York and had American civilians in - at that point the US was neutral in the WWI -, when the ship came to the sight of the Irish Coast the German U-boat attacked it.
Despite the fact that Americans were horrified at the Lusitania attack, many Americans did not like the idea to enter the war, Irish Americans did not enjoy the idea of helping Britain because the country denied Ireland its independence, German Americans were sympathetic towards their ancestral homeland and Americans saw no reason to enter into a war between European powers. The US only entered war two and a half years after it started.
It is the president who represents the nation and creates policies. The article deals with the formation of the executive branch.
