Answer:
The correct answer is option d. "Polyclonal antibodies".
Explanation:
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is very useful in comparison to other immunoassay methods for being highly accurate, sensitive and specific. Polyclonal antibodies for the detection step could be used on order to ensure that a mutation in a single surface protein would not make obsolete an ELISA used to detect a new viral pathogen. Unlike monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies are a collection of antibodies that recognize multiple epitopes of the same antigen. Therefore, a mutation in one epitope that affects the binding of one antibody would not affect the bind of the others and the ELISA will be able to recognize the pathogen.
Answer:
The hypothesis that eukaryotic cells evolved from a symbiotic association of prokaryotes (endosymbiosis) is particularly well supported by studies of mitochondria and chloroplasts, which are thought to have evolved from bacteria living in large cells.
Explanation:
Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar to bacteria in size, and like bacteria, they reproduce by dividing in two.
Answer: The base pairing in the DNA molecule is incorrect.
This is because adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T) and guanine (G) always pairs with cytosine (C).
The best answer is option D.
Acid rain is simply rainfall that has been rendered acidic due to water vapor reacting with nitrogen oxide ad sulphur dioxide very high up in the atmosphere.
Acid rain is not only a threat to the ecosystem and environment, but also seriously damages buildings and sculptures.
Marble and limestone are especially vulnerable to acid rain. This is because the two building or construction materials contain calcite which is easily dissolved by acid.
Concrete surfaces and paint finishes are also seriously damaged by acid rain.
