It would take them a half and hour
Answer
It takes two steps to solve this problem. Step 1, you must solve the binomial squared. Then combine similar terms.
ANSWER
-2 shift the graph of the basic function down by 2 units.
EXPLANATION
The given cosine function is:

This equation can be rewritten as:

We compare this to

The effect d has on the graph is that, it shifts the graph up by d units.
If d is negative the graph shifts down by d units.
Since d=-2, the graph will shift down by 2 units.
B has more because 10/5 is 2 and 8/12 is less
The second option, 3/4 = 9/12 is a proportion.
Hope this helped! :D