Phagocytosis of microbes by macrophages is enhanced by both the binding of antibodies to the surface of microbes & antibody-mediated opsonization of microbes
What is the function of phagocytosis?
Phagocytosis is the cellular process through which particles bigger than 0.5 m in diameter, such as bacteria, foreign substances, and apoptotic cells, are ingested and eliminated.
- Phagocytosis is found in many different types of cells and is hence an important step for tissue homeostasis.
- However, only specialized cells known as professional phagocytes are capable of high-efficiency phagocytosis.
- Among these specialized cells are macrophages, neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, and osteoclasts.
Phagocytosis occurs in four stages:
I identification of the particle to be swallowed,
ii) activation of the internalization process,
iii) development of a specialized vacuole known as a phagosome,
iv) maturation of the phagosome to turn it into a phagolysosome.
Hence, the correct option is A
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Answer: B. Increasing the rate of cellular respiration.
Explanation: When the human body gets too cold, it maintains temperature homeostasis by producing heat to warm itself. Many chemical reactions need to take place in order for this to happen. These reactions are part of what is called cellular respiration.
I hope this helps! ^^
Answer:
A cell body, an axon, and dendrites.
Explanation:
The similar characteristics of different neurons is their body structure which have the common parts in all neurons. All neurons have three essential parts i.e. a cell body, an axon, and dendrites. Neurons different in size, shape, and structure due to different in their role and location but all these different neurons have the same components of its structure such as cell body, an axon, and dendrites.
Cellular respiration has three stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The Krebs cycle represents the oxidation of pyruvate.
- The plant cell mitochondria actively oxidize pyruvate and carry out oxidative phosphorylation in ALL cells, with or without light.
- Pyruvate is produced during glycolysis and then this molecule is oxidated in the mitochondrial matrix in order to produce energy (ATP).
- Oxidative phosphorylation refers to the synthesis of ATP through an electron transport chain which is coupled to the generation of an electrochemical proton gradient.
- In aerobic organisms such as plants, cellular respiration is fundamental for all their cells.
- On the other hand, light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions are photosynthetic reactions, which occur in plant chloroplasts.
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Una ruta alterna sería la fosforilación oxidativa ya que no necesitan mucho oxígeno.
