In 750 CE, the Abbasids overcame the Umayyad dynasty. They backed the non-Arab Muslims, by transferring the empire’s capital from Damascus, in what we now know as Syria, to Baghdad, in today´s Iraq. The Persian administration gradually supplanted the old Arab aristocracy, while the Abbasids built the new positions of vizier and emir to select their central power.
There would have been a Soviet flag on the moon planted on the lunar surface by a cosmonaut rather than a USA flag planted by an astronaut. The USA would have saved US $ Billions.