A military action the added territory in the United States in 1848 was the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. It ended the Mexican-American war and added the territories California, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming.
The Atlantic Slave Trade (Transatlantic Slave Trade) contributed to rising African-American presence in North America in the 1700s.
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European science in the Middle Ages comprised the study of nature, mathematics and natural philosophy in medieval Europe. Following the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the decline in knowledge of Greek, Christian Western Europe was cut off from an important source of ancient learning.
Answer:
Tokugawa Ieyasu's dynasty of shoguns presided over 250 years of peace and prosperity in Japan, including the rise of a new merchant class and increasing urbanization. To guard against external influence, they also worked to close off Japanese society from Westernizing influences, particularly Christianity.
