I believe the answer is respiration
The monosaccharides that are produced when sucrose is digested would be glucose and fructose.
The answer is qualitative
This means that balls with a diamenter of 2.25 inches cannot have any imperfections (bumps or dents) greater than 0.005 inches. In other words, the bump or dent to diameter ratio cannot exceed 0.005/2.25 = 0.0022222