I think they were defeated by the british.
I would say answer number 4
Answer:
first one
Explanation:
i only know this from watching the musical and reseraching him a year ago-
The item that was NOT a cause of the Reformation:
C. The desire to spread Islam to Western Europe.
Further details:
The Roman Catholic Church failed to provide much hope or comfort to people during the years of the 100 Years War and the devastation of the Black Death. Corruption within the church only became worse in the years that followed, and people were wanting change. Coupled with that were new ideas and challenges being posed by the start of the Scientific Revolution. Martin Luther, whose activity sparked the Reformation, was a contemporary of Nicolaus Copernicus, whose work sparked the Scientific Revolution.
Answer is D Introduction of new plants and animals cause nobody had found the Americas until then hope this helps