Answer:
✔️We often observe that cows when eat grass, after eating grass they quickly swallow them. Actually, they store that grass in their stomach called rumen. ✔️In rumen food is partially digested. ... ✔️Rumination is necessary to complete partiallly happened digestion.
Explanation:
I think It’s is C ok and bye
Biology, Chemistry, physics and calculus.
Answer:
Transporters are the integral membrane proteins that serve to move the substances across the membrane.
Explanation:
Transporters are the membrane proteins that serve to move specific ions or molecules across the lipid bilayer. These are the integral membrane proteins. Transporters include carriers, channels, pumps, etc. Channels are the integral membrane proteins that serve to provide a pathway for transport of charged and/or polar substances that otherwise can not cross the non-polar core of the lipid bilayer.
Pumps are involved in the active transport of substances against the concentration gradient and use the energy of ATP hydrolysis. Some of the examples of transporters are voltage-gated ion channels, GLUT1 glucose transporter, F₀F₁ ATPase proton pump, etc.
Protein folding is determined by a variety of factors, from the amino acid composition all the way through to primary, secondary and tertiary structures of the proteins. Proteins fold in water environments, and how they fold is determined by the hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity and charge of amino acids. Amino acids that are hydrophobic will face away from water environments, while hydrophilic amino acids will face towards water environments. This gives rise to primary and secondary structures such as alpha-helices and beta-sheets. Among these are a variety of structures that form the tertiary structures. The different types of amino acids play an essential role in this, as they are the building blocks of proteins and can affect the structures of proteins because of their charge and affinity for water.