Long-term potentiation (LTP) is considered a cellular correlate of learning and memory. The presence of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) (GIRK) channels near excitatory synapses on dendritic spines suggests their possible involvement in synaptic plasticity. However, whether activity-dependent regulation of channels affects excitatory synaptic plasticity is unknown. In a companion article we have reported activity-dependent regulation of GIRK channel density in cultured hippocampal neurons that requires activity oF receptors (NMDAR) and protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) and takes place within 15 min. In this study, we performed whole-cell recordings of cultured hippocampal neurons and found that NMDAR activation increases basal GIRK current and GIRK channel activation mediated by adenosine A(1) receptors, but not GABA(B) receptors. Given the similar involvement of NMDARs, adenosine receptors, and PP1 in depotentiation of LTP caused by low-frequency stimulation that immediately follows LTP-inducing high-frequency stimulation, we wondered whether NMDAR-induced increase in GIRK channel surface density and current may contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying this specific depotentiation. Remarkably, GIRK2 null mutation or GIRK channel blockade abolishes depotentiation of LTP, demonstrating that GIRK channels are critical for depotentiation, one form of excitatory synaptic plasticity.
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I'm assuming that the woman could have Hh or HH since they don't specify
If the woman has HH, all the children will not have a hitchhiker's thumb
if the woman has Hh the offspring could have either Hh, Hh, or hh
pls make me brainliest :) thx
A group of people are building a house. They have a large package of building materials that needs to be moved. A block and tackle, a type of pulley, is used to pull the material up so it can be set in the back of a truck.
The remains are called fossils. Fossils are remnants of animals, plants, or microorganisms that have been solidified in the process of fossilization, where the organism is surrounded by sediment, minerals, and other solid objects which are compressed and heated around the organism over time. This forms a solid mass with the preserved organism inside, other known as a fossil.
