Question

Kohlberg's cognitive developmental theory of moral development claims that

Answer 1

Moral development always occurs progressively through the different stages, without any kind of evolutionary leap, without going backwards, but progressively over the different stages.

It is a development that is linked to the psychological development of the person. Without psychological development there is no moral development.

Therefore it is based on the degree to which the psychological development of the person takes place.

Answer 2

There are three levels of moral development.
Level 1 - pre-conventional morality. Common in children,  moral code is set by
               the standards of adults.
Level 2 - conventional morality. Common in adolescents and                                             adults, acceptance of society's conventions.
Level 3 - post-conventional morality. Based on individual rights and justice.