Answer:
Starch + H2O = maltose
This reaction gives the Starch and H2O as the reactants and Maltose as the product.
Amylase is an enzyme which helps in the digestion of Starch molecules and its activity can however be measured through careful monitoring of the disappearance of amylase substrate which is in this case, starch.
Answer:
(C) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases have an additional active site that binds to non-cognate tRNAs. The tRNAs that bind to this second active are hydrolyzed and released from the enzyme.
Explanation:
In case of translation, proof reading is done by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases only. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases have two mechanisms to avoid error during translation which are mentioned as under:
<u>(1) Chemical proof reading:</u> Incorrect amino acids rather than being hydrolyzed in catalytic pocket get hydrolyzed in editing pocket and thus they hardly get attached to tRNA.
For example: For distinguishing similar amino acids like isoleucine and valine, isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase uses a second active site which is meant for only valine not for isoleucine. In this particular site, valine which had entered the enzyme is cleaved away with the help of editing reaction after which the enzyme is well prepared to process isoleucine which is the correct amino acid for this enzyme.
<u>(2) Kinetic proof reading: </u>Even if an incorrect amino acid has entered a particular aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, it does not cause appropriate conformational change in the enzyme because of which the incorrect amino acid loosens from the enzyme and does not get incorporated.
Note: In this example, only chemical proof reading is mentioned not kinetic proof reading.
Appalachian: A. Two continents colliding.
The Appalachian mountain range is an ancient example of a collision between two continental plates. Both plates have low density and little subduction occurs between them.
North American Cordillera: B. Terrane accretion
These form when two continents that collided bonded so tight that it forms a permanent land mass. If the continents would pull away from each other, the terrane stays intact.
Aleutian plate: D. Oceanic convergence
This is a type of convergence where one plate subducts beneath another plate. Between the two, the older plate is usually the one that subducts because it is usually more dense.
Andes mountain range: C. An oceanic plate and continental plate colliding.
In the collision between an oceanic and continental plate, the thinner and more dense oceanic plate subducts under the continental plate. The Andes mountain range was formed by the subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath the South american Plate.
Neutropenia, a subtype of leukopenia, refers to a decrease in the number of circulating neutrophil granulocytes, the most abundant white blood cells<span>.</span>
To determine whether an acidic or basic solution, it is first necessary to compare the concentrations of the hydronium (H3O +) and hydroxide (OH-) ions in the solution.
In acidic solution, the concentration of H3O + ions is higher than that of OH- ions.
- In acidic solution, the concentration of H3O + ions is higher than that of OH- ions. Such a solution can be achieved by adding a small part of the H3O + ions, for example. Acid solutions have a pH below 7, the further away from 7 the pH of the solution is the higher its acidity content. According to Le Chatelier's principle, when a disturbance is caused to an equilibrium system, it tends to readjust in order to diminish the effects of that force. This means that if an acid is added to water, the H3O + ions will be in excess and the equilibrium will shift in the opposite direction to the left. Then these excess ions will react with the OH- ions. Thus, the concentration of OH- ions will decrease and the solution will become acidic.
- In basic solutions, the concentration of OH- ions is higher than that of H3O + ions. If we add a base to the water, it means that we will be adding OH- ions and, as explained in the previous section, by Le Chatelier's principle, the equilibrium of the water selfionization reaction will shift in the opposite direction, and the excess ions will react. with the H3O + ions, decreasing their concentration and making the basic solution. Basic solutions have a pH greater than 7, the farther from 7 and closer to 14 the pH of the solution, the higher the basification content.