Genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual organism.
For example<span>, two organisms that have even the minutest difference in their genes are said to have different </span>genotypes<span>.</span>
Answer:
Water
Explanation:
In simple words, the volume of a cell refers to <u>the amount of water it contains</u>.
In eukaryotic cells may change their volume according to the effects of either the loss or gain of water. Furthermore, these changes in cell volume are extremely important as they work as a signal for different cell processes such as migration, proliferation, or death.
Therefore, the change of cell volume is principally due to the loss or gain of <u>water</u>.
Answer: The Moon's gravity is mostly responsible for our tides, but the Sun also plays a role (Figure 14.13). The Sun is much larger than our Moon. ... This happens because the Moon's high tide occurs in the same place as the Sun's low tide and the Moon's low tide is added to by the Sun's high tide.
Explanation:
Answer is only 1st case that is homozygous zygote is the right answer.
Explanation:
In maternal recessive mutation both the alleles are mutant and exhibit mutant phenotype. The mutated alleles are present as homozygous.
From the definition it is concluded that:
first case, homozygous zygote is mutant phenotype
second case, heterozygous zygote not mutant phenotype
in third case, heterozygous zygote not mutant phenotype.
1. The correct answer is: The viral envelope proteins interact with CD4 and a co-receptor on the cell membrane.
Binding and entering the host cell are the first steps of the HIV virus infection. So, these steps play a major role in determining the ability of HIV to degrade the human immune system. Binding of HIV to CD4+ T lymphocytes (express chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 called co-receptors) triggers the fusion of the viral and host cell membranes, initiating infection (viral core gets into the cytoplasm).
Attachment of the virion can be:
• Nonspecific-envelop protein of the virus (Env) binds to cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans
• Specific-Env binds to integrin.
2. The correct answer is: Activation of the host cell by cytokines, growth factors, or antigens.
After the viral capsid enters the cell, single-stranded RNA genome is released from the attached viral proteins and copied it into a complementary DNA (cDNA) molecule thanks to an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. Next step is the integration of the viral DNA into the host cell's genome. This process is done by another viral enzyme called integrase. The integrated DNA is transcribed into RNA and then translated into proteins that will help the package of new viruse particles.
3. The answer is: false
Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of DNA from an RNA template. Since the genome of the virus (HIV) is single stranded RNA, reverse transcriptase copies it into a complementary DNA (cDNA) molecule. Thanks to this enzyme, formed cDNA can be integrated into host’s genome. Because of this proprety, antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV infection work as reverse-transcriptase inhibitors.
