Answer:
All cells hace a barrier around them that separates them from the environment and from other cell.The barrier is called the plasma membrane,or cell membrane.
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Answer;
-PET scan
A PET scan uses radioactive markers in the blood to monitor blood flow and metabolic activity via x-ray
Explanation;
-A positron emission tomography (PET) scan is an imaging test that helps reveal how the tissues and organs are functioning. A PET scan uses a radioactive drug (tracer) to show this activity. This scan can sometimes detect disease before it shows up on other imaging tests.
-A PET scan is used to diagnose certain health conditions, to plan treatment, to find out how an existing condition is developing, and to see how effective a treatment is.
-In a PET scan, a machine detects radiation that is emitted by a radiotracer. A radiotracer consists of radioactive material that is tagged to a natural chemical, such as glucose.
Answer:
The prolonged electrical depolarization of cardiac muscle cells -that occurs during contraction- is due primarily to the persistent influx of calcium ion
Explanation:
The action potential of the heart muscle is longer with respect to skeletal muscle (around 300 milliseconds), and this is due to the activity of calcium (Ca⁺⁺ ) in the intracellular compartment.
The initial depolarization of cardiac muscle fiber depends on the entry of sodium (Na⁺) into the cell. However, for the action potential to occur and be maintained, Ca⁺⁺ must increase its cytoplasmic levels, which depends on:
- The increase in intracellular sodium induces the release of Ca⁺⁺ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
- Calcium entry from the extracellular space through the voltage dependent Ca⁺⁺ channels.
- The entry of extracellular Ca⁺⁺ causes the release of more Ca⁺⁺ ions by the sarcoplasmic reticulum, further increasing its intracellular concentration.
This is how the ion that guarantees the duration of the action potential of the cardiac muscle cell is the Ca⁺⁺.
Learn more:
Calcium, sodium and cardiac muscle cells brainly.com/question/4473795
