The ATP is used as an energy source in the body to perform various functions. When the ATP is utilized it is cleaved into ADP and phosphate with the release of some energy. This ADP can further be broken down into AMP or can again be recycled back to ATP. Therefore, ATP once used is not discarded but utilized again.
Further Explanation
The ATP is an important molecule of the cell which is accountable for transferring and storing energy. The components namely adenine, three phosphate groups, and ribose sugar together form a molecule of ATP.
The energy stored in the form of ATP can be used to perform the cellular processes by the cell. The energy derived from the sun is stored as ATP by the plants during photosynthesis whereas, the food digested by the animals release energy so as to be stored as ATP.
The phospho-anhydride bonds are the high energy bonds that link the three phosphate groups together in the ATP molecule. The hydrolysis of this bond results in the release of energy along with the formation of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) from ATP. This released energy is utilized by the cell in order to perform the mechanical functions such as the muscles workout or to change an unfavorablereactionintofavorable oneswith the transfer of energy to other molecules.
In a similar way, hydrolysis of ADP results in the removal of one more phosphateto form adenosine monophosphate (AMP), also releasingsome sort of energy. The AMP can again be recycled into ATP or ADP to store energy by the formation of new phospho-anhydride bonds. The AMP, ADP, and ATP get interconverted constantly depending on the need of the cell and their participation in the biological reactions.
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Answer Details:
Grade: Higher secondary
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Bioenergetics: The Role of ATP
Keywords:
ATP, ADP, AMP, components of ATP, phosphor-anhydride bonds, favorable reactions, unfavorable reactions, hydrolysis of ATP, biological reactions, ribose sugar.
