Answer:
84) The equilibrium is the only price where quantity demanded is equal to quantity supplied. At a price above equilibrium, like 1.8 dollars, quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded, so there is excess supply.
85) The equilibrium price and quantity are where the two curves intersect. The equilibrium point shows the price point where the quantity that the producers are willing to supply equals the quantity that the consumers are willing to purchase. This is the ideal quantity to supply
86) The existence of economic profits attracts entry, economic losses lead to exit, and in long-run equilibrium, firms in a perfectly competitive industry will earn zero economic profit.
87) The industry is in long-run equilibrium when a price is reached at which all firms are in equilibrium (producing at the minimum point of their LAC curve and making just normal profits). Under these conditions there is no further entry or exit of firms in the industry, given the technology and factor prices.
Explanation:
i dont know 82 or 83 sorry
Answer:
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Answer and Explanation:
a. The estimation of the contribution margin for each segment is shown below:
(in millions)
<u>Particulars Investor Advisor Services Services </u>
Income from
operations $1,681 $1,660
Add:
Depreciation $171 $154
Contribution
Margin $1,852 $1,814
2. Now the estimation of decline in operating income is
(in millions)
<u>Particulars Combined services Institutional Services </u>
Revenues $9,368 $4,771
Less:
Variable cost $5,702 $2,919
($2,919 + $2,783)
Contribution
margin $3,666 $1,852
Less:
Fixed cost -$325 -$171
Net income $3,341 $1,681
So according to the above calculations, the net operating income is declined by
= $3,341 - $1,681
= $1,660 million
The variable cost is come from
= Service revenues - income from operations - depreciation expense
