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Licemer1 [7]
3 years ago
14

One function of the central vacuole in plant cells is facilitating cell growth: the central vacuole absorbs water and increases

in size, expanding the volume and size of the plant cell while doing so. Animal cells, however, do not grow by this method. What is an essential difference between animal and plant cells that could explain how a plant cell can withstand this expansion of the central vacuole? View Available Hint(s) One function of the central vacuole in plant cells is facilitating cell growth: the central vacuole absorbs water and increases in size, expanding the volume and size of the plant cell while doing so. Animal cells, however, do not grow by this method. What is an essential difference between animal and plant cells that could explain how a plant cell can withstand this expansion of the central vacuole? Plant cells grow at a slower rate than animal cells. The plant cell wall provides a more rigid structure. Animal cells have a similar organelle that produces the same effect as the central vacuole. Plant cells cannot divide.
Biology
1 answer:
Stolb23 [73]3 years ago
6 0

The right answer is The plant cell wall provides a more rigid structure.

Plant cells are differentiated from animal cells by the cell wall (among others, they differ in size, vacuoles and the presence of chloroplasts). This wall, called the pectocellulosic wall (composed of pectin and cellulose), gives a rigid structure to the cell and a polygonal morphology to the cell.

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In Drosophila, the genes for withered wings (whd), smooth abdomen (sm) and speck body (sp) are located on chromosome 2 and are s
lesya692 [45]

Answer:

A) 47; B) 33; C) 272; D) 122

Explanation:

The three genes are linked.

The female with withered wings and a smooth abdomen has the genotype whd sm sp+/whd sm sp+.

The male with a speck body has the genotype whd+ sm+ sp/whd+ sm+ sp.

Both individuals are homozygous for all genes, so each of them only produces one type of gamete. The resulting F1 therefore has the genotype whd sm sp+/ whd+ sm+ sp, heterozygous for all genes and with a wild-type phenotype.

The females of the F1 were mated with homozygous recessive males (test cross): whd sm sp/whd sm sp.

<h3>A)</h3>

If we assume interference is 0, the probability of crossing over happening between the genes whd and sm is independent from the probability of crossing over happening between sm and sp.

The distance = frequency of recombination × 100, so the frequency of recombination (RF) between genes whd and sm is 0.305 and the RF between genes sm and sp is 0.155.

<u>The expected double crossover progeny among the 1000 offspring will be:</u>

RF whd-sm × RF sm-sp  × 1000 =

0.305  × 0.155 × 1000 = 47 individuals will be double crossover.

<h3>B)</h3>

Interference is 0.3

The interference is calculated as 1- coefficient of coincidence (cc).

cc = observed double crossover/expected double crossover

Therefore:

I = 1 - cc

cc = 1 - I

<u>cc = 0.7</u>

Observed DCO / 47 = 0.7

Observed DCO = 0.7  × 47

Observed DCO ≅ 33

<h3>C)</h3>

The parental gametes are whd sm sp+ and whd+ sm+ sp (the genotype of the F1 female is known).

Looking at them and at the gene map we can tell that the gametes that give rise to withered wings, speck body (whd sm+ sp) and smooth abdomen (whd+ sm sp+) phenotypes are the result of recombination occurring between genes whd and sm.

To calculate the expected number of individuals with those phenotypes among the 1000 progeny we need to determine the frequency of recombination between the genes whd and sm considering there's interference.

The distance whd-sm = RF x 100

The recombination frequency is the sum of the single crossover between whd and sm and the double crossovers.

The frequency of DCO is 33/1000=0.033.

Distance whd-sm/ 100 = SCOwhd-sm + DCO

0.305 - 0.033 = SCO whd-sm

<u>Frequency of SCO whd-sm= 0.272</u>

And the expected number of individuals with those phenotypes will be 0.272 x 1000 = 272.

<h3>D)</h3>

The gametes that originate the phenotypes withered wings, speck body, smooth abdomen (whd sm sp) and wild type (whd+ sm+ sp+) are the result of recombination between genes sm and sp.

Distance sm-sp/ 100 = SCOsm-sp + DCO

0.155 - 0.033 = SCOsm-sp

<u>Frequency of SCO sm-sp= 0.122</u>

And the expected number of individuals with those phenotypes will be 0.122 x 1000 = 122.

6 0
3 years ago
Type your response in the box.
jonny [76]

Answer:

Explanation:Research questions are formulated by Scientist to aid research by given it more direction and guide.

For a Thai Fishermen the following questions will be formulated,

1. What is the relationship of Thai men eyesight and fishing

2. What makes the eye sight so important

3. Is eye sight a tool for fishing

4. What is the biology or features of Thai men eyes

7 0
3 years ago
Lysosomrs can be compared to the recycling and garbage centers of a city. How can this comparison be justified
IgorLugansk [536]
Lysosomes use a degenerative enzyme to eliminate un necessary materials from the cell and recycle parts that can be re used, much like a recycling centers eliminate waste from cities and find ways to reuse it.
4 0
3 years ago
5. Some undiluted acids are more corrosive when diluted
wlad13 [49]

Answer:

The correct answer is : due to the hydrogen ions reacts and release high amount of energy with the strong acid.

Explanation:

Diluted acids are more corrosive then undiluted due to the presence of more H+ ions than the undiluted acids. The More the H+ ions are added the more corrosive the acid is.

When water is mixed with strong acid the hydrogen ions reacts with acid ions and a exothermic reaction takes place that release high amount of energy which boils violently, to avoid any accident it is advised to lab workers to wipe  if any splash self before washing.

Thus, the correct answer is : due to the hydrogen ions reacts and release high amount of energy with the strong acid.

3 0
3 years ago
Refined carbohydrates take longer to digest than unrefined carbohydrates. contain the germ and bran of whole grains but not the
soldier1979 [14.2K]

Refined carbohydrates tend to be much in lower in fiber and vitamins than whole grains. These are complex carbs that have had fiber removed from them leaving reproduce simple carbohydrates. These are rapidly absorbed causing a blood sugar increase, which is followed by some crash. During the milling process, the germ and bran is peeled and the grain's endosperm is crushed. The final product becomes easier to gnaw and digest. The main reason manufacturers process the grain is to lengthen shell life.

6 0
3 years ago
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