<span>Disaccharides need to be broken down into their component subunits (monosaccharides) before their absorption. The reaction that breaks them up is hydrolysis and it is done by enzymes- <span>glucosidases. Glucosidases are located on the brush border of the small intestine, attached to the surface of the epithelial cells. After the catalyzation of these disaccharides, the epithelial cells take up the monosaccharides and transport them inside using ATP energy. From there they are transported into the bloodstream.</span></span>
Somatic mutation is the type of mutation among the choices given in the question that <span>contribute to evolution. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the second option or the penultimate option. I hope that this is the answer that has actually come to your desired help.</span>
That would be : adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.