Answer:
1. Mitosis c) The process of cell reproduction of human tissues that occurs when the cell divides into two identical cells
2. Nucleus a) The dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell
3. Cytoplasm b) The watery fluid that surrounds the nucleus of the cell and is needed for growth, reproduction, and self-repair
4. Cell membrane d) The part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell
Explanation:
- Mitosis is the process that undergoes a cell to give two new identical cells. This is how our body makes or renovates tissues.
- The nucleus is the part of the cell that contains the DNA, which is necessary to synthesize the proteins that the cell and our body need. It is in the center of the cell and has a nuclear membrane that separates it from the rest of the organelles.
- The cytoplasm is a solution that surrounds the nucleus, and it contains the rest of the organelles that the cell needs for its functions.
- The cell membrane is the structure that encloses all the cytoplasm and the nucleus. It is made of phospholipids, proteins, and cholesterol, which allows the passage of certain substances.
Answer:
In the politics of representative democracies, a political machine is a political group in which an authoritative leader or small group command the support of a corps of supporters and businesses, who receive rewards for their efforts.
Explanation:
This statement is true.
<span>Agonal gasps are not normal breathing and may be present in the first minutes after sudden cardiac arrest.
It can sound like a snore with somehow long intervals between one gasp and another as it usually occurs at slow rates.</span>
In human gene therapy, a genetically modified virus (a.k.a. a viral vector) can alter the genetic variation of a cell, but not all viral vectors do.
The process often begins with the delivery of or creation of a segment of viral double stranded DNA (containing the gene you want to introduce). Then typically an enzyme known as an integrase cuts the ends of the segment of viral DNA and also cuts open the cell's DNA. Then the viral DNA is integrated/ inserted into the cell's DNA. The connecting ends are ligated together and adjusted so that the nucleotide base pairs match up.
This in the future may affect the gene pool for instance if the viral DNA (your gene) was inserted in the middle of another gene or important regulatory sequence of the cell DNA, and this alteration may be passed on into offspring and become present in the gene pool, which could have bad effects.
The effects on the gene pool really depends on what the virus ends up doing. For example, it may fix the function of a damaged gene which is the goal, and allow for a working gene to be in the gene pool, which would be good. The problem with gene therapy is that it's difficult to predict 100% what the virus will do every time it is given to a patient.
But it's very important to consider that it will only affect the gene pool if the virus is able to enter and alter germ cells (reproductive cells). If the virus, enters somatic cells (regular body cells) this will not be passed on to future generations. So viruses can be designed to avoid germ cells and avoid this gene pool issue. Also, some viral vectors use viruses that do not integrate their DNA, the cells just express the viral DNA (create the desired protein from it) and over time the viral DNA is degraded/ lost which wouldn't pose this threat.
This is long, but I hope it helped!
Answer:
Fasting can definitely raise blood glucose. This is due to the effect of insulin falling and the rising counter-regulatory hormones including increased sympathetic tone, noradrenaline, cortisol and growth hormone, in addition to glucagon. These all have the effect of pushing glucose from liver storage into the blood. This is normal. If you are not eating, you want to use some stored glucose. The question is this – if you are not eating, and your blood glucose went up, where did that glucose come from? It can only have come from your own body (liver). So, it’s a natural phenomenon, and the fasting now allows your body to use some of the glucose for energy.
