Karyotyping is used to:
study chromosomes.
treat Down syndrome.
repair chromosomes.
diagnose genetic diseases.
Changes in the dna are called mutations. They can occur spontaneously. Mutations can only be passed down in gametes--sperm and egg cells. with Darwins theory at mind a mutation needs to pass the test of natural selection to remain in the gene pool. So purposly making mutation or altercations may end in diseases/illnesses or in some cases death because they body can not take it.....hope this helps if it doesnt im sorry!
False in a sense because it is not random. It is just that some organisms have more advantageous characteristics than others. These genes are then passed on which makes the likelihood of the next generation surviving greater.
POH = - log[OH^-]
pOH = - log[10^-6]
pOH = - (-6)
pOH = 6
knowing the ionization equation between pH and pOH in a solution at T = 25 degrees Celsius.
pH + pOH = 14
pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 - (6)
pH = 8.
I believe the pH of a substance with 10^-6 M of OH, would be 8.