Mario sets up an experiment to determine the source of the oxygen gas produced by photosynthesis. To determine this, he uses an isotope of oxygen called O-18. He labels the O-18 oxygen so he can follow its path through photosynthesis. Plant A is given carbon dioxide that contains the O-18 isotope. Plant B is given water that contains the O-18 isotope. When he examines the oxygen from both plants, only plant B produced O-18 oxygen. This indicates that the source of oxygen is water. The photosynthesis involves the transfer of electrons between the photosystem I and II. The water gets split into oxygen, hydrogen ions and electrons in the photosystem I. The electrons move to the photosystem II where the carbon fixation into sugars takes place. The plant A will have O-18 isotope in its synthesised sugar molecule, which gets stored inside it.
Answer:
Radiation sickness is caused by exposure to a large dose of ionizing radiation over a short period of time, typically greater than about 0.1 Gy/h.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Parents: Yellow (Aarr) and Grey (AaRr)
Explanation:
Given:
allele A = yellow
allele R = black,
Heteroozygous = gray
Genotypes of the parents:
yellow (Aarr) - female
gray (AaRr) - gray
cross between these
Parents: Yellow (Aarr) and Grey (AaRr)
Gametes: (Ar, ar) and (AR, Ar, aR, ar)
F1 (Punnet square)
----|----- AR ------|------- Ar ------|------ aR -----|----- ar
Ar | AARr (gray) | AArr (yellow) | AaRr (gray) | Aarr (yellow)
ar | AaRr (gray) | Aarr (yellow) | aaRr (black) | aarr (cream)
Ratio: 3/8 yellow : 3/8 gray : 1/8 cream : 1/8 black
The factors are: The size of the sample, the extraction method, the method of purification and preservation of the DNA.
The quantity and quality of DNA can be greatly improved by performing PCR.
* Purification of nucleic acids is a key step for functional studies in biology. Because of the great diversity of living organisms in nature, purification becomes a real challenge for researchers, especially cell lysis.
The evolution of lysis methods has made it possible to improve efficiency, speed and simplicity. But, this lysis step remains a crucial step for the efficiency and the quality of the purification.
Answer:
Explanation:
The components of the cell membrane consists of lipids that includes the cholesterol and phospholipids other components includes the carbohydrates, and proteins. The phospholipid forms the basic structure of the cell membrane. The cholesterol molecules are scattered in the lipid bilayer, these help the membrane in the fluid consistent state.
The main function of the plasma or cell membrane is the protection of the cell from it's surrounding.
