The establishment of patents and other mechanisms that enforce intellectual property rights are a manner of rewarding effort and innovation. When a company devises an innovative product or a more efficient production technique, holding a patent allows them to exploit it in a exclusive regime, so that no one else can copy or profit from their idea. However, those rights are limited in time, that should be enough for them to recover the investment made to develop the innovation and to earn reasonable profits, and afterwards such innovation can be shared with others to foster efficiency in the economy as a whole.
Such system incentives firms to invest in innovation and to become more efficient (produce more with the same amount of inputs). Therefore the establishment of boundaries to protect intellectual property increases investment and production activities, and these rise the GDP of a country.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Georgia is the ONLY one that has appellate jurisdiction. Which basically means they can hear appeals from other courts.
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to cleanse the party of unequipped and defecting members
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I'm not for sure if this is right though
Answer:
Citizens United vs the Federal Electoral Comission
Explanation:
This is probably one of the most polemic Supreme Court Decisions of all time. In this landmark case, the SCOTUS ruled that corporations, labor unions, and other forms of associations could not have their right to free spech, protected under the First Amendment, infringed, and that the protection also applied to political donations, because donating money to a politician si a form of free speech.
This decision effectively allows corporations and labor unions to give unlimited amounts of money to political campaigns.