<span>Three anatomical features that birds share with their theropod ancestors are:
</span><span>1. they had light, hollow bones
</span>2. they rearranged hip and leg muscles because this of <span>improved bipedal movement
</span>3. they had their flight oriented with the use of wings for balance
The synapses that are nearer to the axon hillock would bring the initial segment closest to the threshold based on spatial summation.
<h3>What is neuron synapsis?</h3>
In neurosciences, the term synapsis makes reference to the connection between two nerve cells (neurons).
Synapsis is produced by the connection between axons and dendrites among different neurons.
Spatial summation refers to the start (trigger) of the action potential in neurons via two or more presynaptic cells.
Learn more about neuron synapsis here:
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Answer:
1. Gene Therapy.
Explanation:
As mentioned in the question, Cystic fibrosis is caused by a mutation in a gene resulting in changes to a protein that regulates the movement of salt in and out of cells.
What is gene therapy:
- If we talk about gene therapy, it is a process in which we replace a wrong gene with a right gene.
- it is a novel and fascinating area of genetic engineering through which we can treat many genetic disorders including Cystic Fibrosis. However, those experimentation of gene therapy are in trial processes.
So now the question is that why Cystic fibrosis can be treated with gene therapy?
- The answer is because we already know that cyctic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that is a genetic defect.
- We also know which gene is defected in this case which is called CFTR gene.
- We also know the target tissue in which damage is caused due to genetic defect and that tissue is lungs.
- So, there are 50% chances that if we transfer correct CFTR gene in place of defected CFTR gene of patient, the disease can be treated.
Current research:
- In recent few years, experimentation have been made in which Retroviral vectors have been used to transfer the CFTR gene into cultured cells which means outside the body.
- So, if the experiments of same nature are proceeded in future in which CFTR gene is transferred in the body of the patient, it can lead to the division of cells with correct CFTR gene and treatment of disease.
- In some cases the CFTR gene has been expressed and the protein has been formed which improved the physical condition of the patient. Some other clinical trials have proved that correct CFTR after transfer into the patient through appropriate vector has succesfully expressed itself.
- However, more solid research and clinical trials are required to treat Cystic fibrosis through gene therapy and make it a best and easiest option for the treatment of disease.
Hope it help!
Answer:
In an ecosystem, energy enters in the form of solar energy or light energy from sun. Solar energy is transformed into various other types of energies like kinetic energy, chemical energy, potential energy, etc; but it eventually leaves the ecosystem in the form of heat energy.
The best example of a solution is seawater since seawater is a mixture of both salt and water mixed together.
