Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
Answer:
J) Providing information to form proteins
Explanation:
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is the molecule that links genes to proteins. Efficient and smooth interactions of the molecules of life allow us humans to function well. ... This process is called gene expression.
Sugar in RNA is called Ribose similar to the sugar in DNA which is Deoxyribose
I’m pretty sure the answer is A but if you already ruled that out try B
I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option C. The continent that was not covered by ice during the Pleistocene ice age. This is because the southern location of this nation made it much harder for ice to form, even during this time. Hope this answers the question.
