Answer:
phloem
Explanation:
In plants that bring the food made of leaves to all the other areas of the plant, Phloem is also known as bast. Phloem is made of different cells, called sieve channels, phloem fibers, complementary cells and parenchymatic phloem cells. Primary phloem consists of the epidermal cells of root and shoot tips (zones of new cell production), either of the propellant, the cells of which ripen before elongation, or the metaphloem in which the cells mature after elongation, during development.
A compound of a covaelent or ionic bond
Answer:
Explanation:
The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the "workhorses" of the cell, carrying out all the functions necessary for life. For example, enzymes, including those that metabolize nutrients and synthesize new cellular constituents, as well as DNA polymerases and other enzymes that make copies of DNA during cell division, are all proteins.
In the simplest sense, expressing a gene means manufacturing its corresponding protein, and this multilayered process has two major steps. In the first step, the information in DNA is transferred to a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by way of a process called transcription. During transcription, the DNA of a gene serves as a template for complementary base-pairing, and an enzyme called RNA polymerase II catalyzes the formation of a pre-mRNA molecule, which is then processed to form mature mRNA (Figure 1). The resulting mRNA is a single-stranded copy of the gene, which next must be translated into a protein molecule.
During translation, which is the second major step in gene expression, the mRNA is "read" according to the genetic code, which relates the DNA sequence to the amino acid sequence in proteins (Figure 2). Each group of three bases in mRNA constitutes a codon, and each codon specifies a particular amino acid (hence, it is a triplet code). The mRNA sequence is thus used as a template to assemble—in order—the chain of amino acids that form a protein
But where does translation take place within a cell? What individual substeps are a part of this process? And does translation differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? The answers to questions such as these reveal a great deal about the essential similarities between all species.
Scientists repeat the experiment to further prove it being correct, and they can replicate is with data, models, and other forms of proof of a correct hypothesis