The circular flow of economic activity is a model showing the basic economic relationships within a market economy. ... In the circular flow of the economy, money is used to purchase goods and services. Goods and services flow through the economy in one direction while money flows in the opposite direction.
Three Group Theories
When there are two or more people who interact with one another, share similar characteristics, and have a sense of collective unity, we call this a social group.
There are three group theories in sociology: primary, secondary and reference groups.
A small social group where the members share personal and lasting relationship is called a primary group. A primary group may start to form within a secondary group.
Secondary groups are large groups that involve informal and institutional relationships that have weak emotional ties and little personal knowledge of each other.
Lastly, the reference group is a social group that serves as a basis for making evaluations and decisions.
Examples of each type of group.
<span>Primary group
</span>
Two or three people that share common interest and goals in life and who have developed deep friendship care for one another.
<span>Secondary Group
</span>
Students in a class, or company employees who barely know each other but are bonded together by a certain task or purpose.
Reference Group
A community that was affected by a recent natural disaster whose situation is being studied by policymakers of the government in preparation for future catastrophe.
Goals of each type of groups
Goals of primary groups concern the individual goals of its member, because of its strong emotional tie. For example, family members would often support the dreams and aspirations of one member and will work hard together to achieve it. Likewise, best friends support each other's dreams and aspirations.
As for the secondary group, their goal is anchored to the objectives of the group. For example, in a company, the goal might be to increase sales or to improve the company's performance over a targeted timeframe.
Lastly, the aim of the reference group is to deliver or to provide solutions that would serve as bases for a specific decision.
Examples of effective communication and listening skills
Communication is believed to be the heart of any organization. Whether it is in speaking, or in writing form, communication skill is important to convey one person's ideas and emotions.
Communication must be a two-way process to be more effective. It should not only involve speaking but must also concern listening.
The following are the effective speaking skills:
<em>Speaking clearly </em> so that every word will be understood. You should also study proper accent, diction and pronunciation of every word.
<em>Tone of your voice </em>can also affect your communication skills. To be effective, you must learn how to deliver the message using the correct volume and intonation.
<em>Pauses and emphasis </em>can be used to highlight the preceding statement or the thought of your message.
<em>Speaking with energy and enthusiasm </em>to encourage people to hear you out.
On the other hand, any communication would be better if these effective listening skills would be applied:
<em>Active listening </em>requires the full attention of the listener on the speaker;
<em>Reflective listening </em>where the listener is encouraged to reflect on the message of the speaker; and
<em>Critical listening </em>when the listener is required to evaluate and analyze what the speaker told her.
<span></span>
<span>Prince
Shotoku Taishi (574 to 622) of Yamato era acclaimed the throne after the rule
of Empress Suiko and is said to be a member of the imperial clan. In his reign,
he had institutionalized new constitution basing on the Chinese model in which
they have adopted its calendar, religious practice in Confucianism and Taoism
and spread Buddhism across Japan. China has also greatly influenced its ethics
and philosophy. The Seventeen-Article Constitution has established political
rules such as fair trials and officials obeying the reign of the monarch.</span>
<span>Katrice is 86 years old. she has never been married, has no children, and lives alone. she has only one or two friends whom she rarely sees, and as she thinks back over her life she realizes that she never did most of the things she wanted to do. she now is full of regret and feels that she has wasted her life. according to erikson, katrice is most likely experiencing the psychosocial crisis of question 31 options:
despair </span>
