The addition of the Calcium Ion (Ca++) is likely to disrupt the structures of microvilli.
Some cells that have a role in absorption or secretion contain microvilli, protrusions of the membrane, due to which the membrane surface area is increased and therefore it leads to more effective diffusion of different molecules through the membrane. They are also involved in cellular adhesion.
Microvilli consist of actin filaments, that are tightly packed and cross-linked, at its core. Microvilli have a big role in the gastrointestinal tract where they have a function in the absorption of nutrients, and therefore they contain enzymes that break down nutrients into compounds that are easy to absorb.
Certain diseases lead to the destruction of microvilli, like in some types of E. Coli infections, and this destruction is caused by the rearrangement of the host cells cytoskeleton which then leads to diarrhea and the disruption the normal process of absorption.
The filaments that are a part of the microvilli structure contain actin and calmodulin which are proteins that make up the filaments of the microvilli. It has been shown that the addition of the Calcium Ion (Ca++) to the cores of the microvilli causes a drastic disruption of these filaments by participating in the solubilization of a large portion of the actin and calmodulin proteins. Ca++ reacts with these proteins, binds to them, and reduces the tightly packed structure of the microvilli filaments.
They decrease because the zebra mussel were taking their resources. Leaving them nothing to eat.
Answer:
The correct answer is a) It brings a transport liquid into close contact with all cells in the body.
Explanation:
The circulatory system helps in bringing the blood which is a transport liquid in close contact with the cells present in our body. This helps in gas exchange between cells and blood. The circulation of blood in the body occurs by the pumping of blood by the heart into arteries, veins, and capillaries.
This circulation of blood plays many other vital functions like transport of nutrients to the cells, transport of waste products from the cell to outside the body, transport of hormones, maintenance of body temperature, etc.
So all these processes become possible when transport liquid comes in contact with the cells. Therefore the right answer is a.
Answer:
The eggs are kept in a cool place so that they can be stored for a long time. In a favourable condition,they hatch into larva. Larva are produced in about 2 weeks from eggs at a temperature of 18 to 25 degree Celsius
Explanation:
