He used the atomic bomb against Japan because they were one of the world's major powers. They quickly industrialized and imperalized countries bigger than their own but USA didn't have that kind of firepower but we had bombs to drop with huge explosive power and Japan wasn't ready for that. Think to yourself and say what if Japan imperalized my country were or who would I be now
C.) To prevent East Germans from escaping West Germany.
Think of it as a giant chain. You have the President at the top, then followed by the vice president, and so on to the bottom of the chain. if the first link of the chain is broken, then you replace it with the chain link below it. So, the Vice president would replace the President, the Speaker of the House of Representatives would replace the Vice President, and so on.