Scientists first discovered chromosomes in the nineteenth century, when they were gazing at cells through light microscopes. But how did they figure out what chromosomes do? And how did they link chromosomes — and the specific genes within them — to the concept of inheritance? After a long period of observational studies through microscopes, several experiments with fruit flies provided the first evidence.
What is a gene?
Physically, a gene is a segment (or segments) of a chromosome. Functionally, a gene can play many different roles within a cell. Today, most scientists agree that genes correspond to one or more DNA sequences that carry the coding information required to produce a specific protein, and that protein in turn carries out a particular function within the cell. Scientists also know that the DNA that makes up genes is packed into structures called chromosomes, and that somatic cells contain twice as many chromosomes as gametes (i.e., sperm and egg cells).
But what were the key scientific discoveries that helped establish these principles? As it turns out, the connections between genes, chromosomes, DNA, and heredity were not recognized until long after researchers caught their initial glimpse of chromosomes. The following sections present an abbreviated summary of the major discoveries that revealed these connections.
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Saturn and Jupiter have attracted as much similar gas as they could, to form two biggest gas giants in our solar system. But they have done things in different ways and caused differences. The first difference is the planets' densities. Saturn is significantly less dense than Jupiter
<span>The nurse should discuss the complications that the client may experience if he doesn't cooperate with the care plan with him. While clients have the right to make their own choices about their medical care, it is the nurse's responsibility to make sure they make informed ones. She should eventually note down his noncompliance, as well.</span>
Answer:
Starfish are also referred to as sea stars because of their star-shaped appearance. They are a part of the phylum Echinodermata and are related to sand dollars, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers.
Explanation:
Germs are those organisms that can cause diseases.
<h3>What are germs?</h3>
The term germs have to do with the harmful pathogenic organisms that are able to cause diseases in the bodies of individuals.
The following are true about germs;
- An uninfected person may be able to fight off the infection before getting sick and passing it on to others.
- Just because people meet does not mean that they will make contact.
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