Answer:
The 14th Amendments Equal Protection Clause
Explanation: This clause requires that all people residing in the US should be treated the same. The 14th's Equal Protection Clause forces states to govern impartially and not draw distinctions between individuals solely on differences that are irrelevant to a legitimate governmental objectives. Equal Protection Clause makes no distinction between citizens and non-citizens.
Yes, traveling in groups of two or more affects the independence assumption.
The probability that the whole group shows up is 0.8 and that the group does not show up is 0.2.
