2. The idea of photosynthesis or light dependent reactions is to convert solar/light energy into chemical energy by the form of ATP and NADPH. CO2 and Water are consumed and react to release Glucose and 02. Approximately 36-38 ATP produced.
3. Water is the source of hydrogen atoms in the glucose (sugar) created by the photosynthesis reaction.
4 . Step 1) The light absorbed by chlorophyll causes a transfer of electrons and H+ from H20 molecules already present. This causes the H20 to split into molecular 0xygen (02) and a H+ ion.
Step 2.) The O2 is released (we breathe it) and the H+ bonds to NADP+ creating NADPH
Step 3) ATP is formed through photophosphorylation. (ADP gets a phosphate group added to it creating ATP)
Step 4.) The NADPH and the ATP created here go on to fuel the reactions in the second part of photosynthesis - The Calvin Cycle
5. The Calvin cycle is a metabolic process that uses the carbon from carbon dioxide, along with energy in the form of ATP, to produce sugar. A G3P molecule contains three fixed carbon atoms, so it takes two G3Ps to build a six-carbon glucose molecule. It would take six turns of the cycle.
6. To help synthesize carbohydrates for energy
7. In fixation, the first stage of the Calvin cycle, light-independent reactions are initiated; CO2 is fixed from an inorganic to an organic molecule. In the second stage, ATP and NADPH are used to reduce 3-PGA into G3P; then ATP and NADPH are converted to ADP and NADP +, respectively
This separation of the DNA from the protein synthesis machinery provides eukaryotic cells with more intricate regulatory control over the production of proteins and their RNA intermediates. In contrast, the DNA of prokaryotic cells is distributed loosely around the cytoplasm, along with the protein synthesis machinery.
