Answer:
Photosynthesis is an endergonic process because it needs the participation of the sun's radiant energy to start the chain of reactions that lead to the formation of the organic compounds stored in the body.
The overall reaction of photosynthesis is:
(CH2O) is an abbreviated way of representing starch or other carbohydrates by an empirical formula. Starch is the product of the most abundant photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is affected by different environmental factors, such as light intensity and quality, air humidity, temperature, availability of water, mineral nutrients and carbon dioxide. The photosynthesis of a single sheet is based on more than fifty individual reactions, each dependent on environmental variables (Cogua, 2011).
On the ability of the specified plants to compensate for environmental effects, it depends on their performance and survival in a given environment. The rate of photosynthesis may vary in the next variable variations of adaptive responses to changing levels of CO2, including from direct responses to CO2 itself to indirect responses due to changes in temperature and water regime that may affect the future ( Cogua, 2011).
The cellular organelles where photosynthesis occurs are chloroplasts. Their location is illustrated in Figure 1.1 the size and shape of the chloroplasts varies; they originate from structures known as protoplastidia (young chloroplasts), dividing as the embryo develops. Chloroplasts are surrounded by a double set of controlling membranes of the outward and inward transit of the molecules. Internally they consist of a jelly-like material rich in enzymes called stroma. It is here that the reaction of conversion of carbon dioxide into carbohydrates occurs. Chloroplasts have laminar membranes and in the form of flattened closed sacs, such as vesicles, called thylakoids. The thylakoids form piles called grana, which are connected to each other by other thylakoids in a more elongated manner. In the thylakoidal membranes are chlorophylls and other pigments that participate in the absorption of light, enzymes for the transport of electrons and the coupling factor for the formation of ATP. The main pigments present in the thylakoid membranes are chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. in turn there are other pigments called carotenes and xanthophylls (Salisbury and Ross, 1994).
