• Homologous structures: Both Ostriches have wings similar in form to those of their ancestors, but that do not allow the birds to fly.
Homologous structures are those that have structural similarities but are different in function. For example, if we look at the anatomical structure of a bird’s wing, it is very similar in structure with a human arm. However, over the course of time they have evolved to perform different functions.
• Vestigial structures: The inner ear bones of mammals have evolved from bones that form the jaws of reptiles.
Vestigiality refers to the process in which some structure lose their function over the course of evolution in some specie but they are functionally normal in other species. Such a structure is the inner ear bones of mammals which donot perform an important function in mammals but do perform in reptiles.
• DNA sequence data: Both Genes involved in RNA replication are conserved among bacteria and animals, suggesting a common evolutionary origin.
The sequencing of genetic data is an excellent method of finding the evolutionary histories and relatedness of different organisms. This field of sciences is called phylogenetics and the mentioned example is the result of phylogenetics.
• Analogous structures: The jointed legs of insects and vertebrates arose independently, indicating a different evolutionary origin.
Analogous structures are those that have similar function but they look very different in structure or anatomy. This is because they have been evolved from different ancestors and perform different functions. One example of these structures is mentioned, The jointed legs of insects and vertebrates that look different bur perform same function.
A. The process of photosynthesis is energy-storing because the process converts light energy into chemical energy, which is stored in the bonds of glucose.
Which of these values would most likely be the heritability of body mass index (BMI) in a developing country with a large gap between nutrition and health care available to the rich and poor?
a. 0.33
b. -0.88
c. 0.99
d. 0.0001
e. 1.3
Answer:
a. 0.33
Explanation:
Body Mass Index is defined as the measure of fat depending on the height and weight of individuals. It is being calculated as: BMI=
The most likely heritability of body mass index(BMI) in a developing country with a large gap between nutrition and health care will be 0.33.
These is because in developing countries especially countries experiencing rapid economic growth as illustrated by the annual GDP growth rate are likely to have widely ranging lifestyles due to influences of the burgeoning economy, Therefore, there are greater chances for the rich to have access to the basic requirements and necessities of life whereas the poor are limited with either low or no access to adequate nutrition and health care.
Answer:
The correct answer is option D.
Explanation:
In the presence of SDS single band appeared, while in the absence of SDS two bands appeared. SDS or sodium dodecyl sulfate refers to an anionic detergent, which combines with amino acid side chains providing the protein a net negative charge. It dissociates the non-covalent bonds.
In SDS-PAGE, the separation of proteins takes place on the basis of their molecular weight. Options A and B are incorrect as only in the presence of SDS, the separation of protein subunits takes place. Option C is also incorrect as a protein containing distinct molecular weight cannot show single band.
Option D is correct as the presence of SDS supplements a bunch of negative charges to the protein, thus, charge is not the factor. Therefore, the proteins are distinguished on the basis of the molecular weight. Thus, identical molecular weight demonstrates a single band. In the non-presence of SDS, charge performs a function along with the molecular weight, therefore, two bands appear.
