The correct answer is B. Consequently.
That means that something occurred due to something else, which is cause and effect.
The correct answer is free verse (choice C), in which you do not follow any particular rules about rhythm or rhyme. On the other hand, iambic, fixed, and syllable verses follow a certain rhythm, to make the poem look more uniform. Free verse is not restricted in such a way, and allows author to write as the wish.
I would say that the parallel list here is C) a lost puppy, a colored poster, and a happy boy.
This is because all words have an article <em>a, </em>and an adjective in front of them, so they are parallel.
C, it talks about how, " That on the ashes of which his youth doth lie" meaning that his youth has burnt out, and "In me thou see'st the glowing of such fire" If you think about it, the flame is Shakespeare, and the "ashes of his youth" mean his life. He knows about approaching death " The deathbed whereon it must expire", and he has excepted it.