The analysis of both maps allows us to appreciate the results of the decolonization process in Africa. From 1954 to 1962, African independence processes were triumphing and changing the continent's political geography.
After the Second World War and the Bandung Conference (Indonesia, 1955) the independence of Africa begins. The first country to free itself was Ghana (1957) and before 1965 almost all countries had been liberated. In 1975 the last African colonies were liberated: Spanish Sahara, Angola and Mozambique.
After decolonization, the metropolis stopped investing in the colonies, especially in public works, and the infrastructure created started to deteriorate. Administrative negligence and corruption did not favor new investments, nor the creation of indigenous capital, with which these countries entered into crisis: and poverty and misery were entrenched in society, and became a scourge very difficult to eradicate.
Morocco, Sudan, Libya, Tunisia, Kenya, among other countries in Africa, thus achieved political independence, not without first fighting hard against their former European metropolises. In some cases, like Ghana, independence was achieved peacefully; in others, the process had a more violent character, as in Algeria or the Congo. The former Portuguese colonies had a process of later independence, only since 1974 Guinea Bissau, Cape Verde and Mozambique could settle as independent states. Independence did not mean the end of conflicts in Africa, where ethnic and tribal disputes, derived in part from the artificial division of colonial domains, have caused frequent civil wars, destabilizing the new states.
