Answer:
Only options a reflects the instances with valid experiment or conclusion.
Quality of any experiment depends upon two things reliability and validity. Reliability is measure of regeneration of results every time an experiment is performed under specific conditions.
Validity is measure of accuracy of results of an experiment. It can be check by two ways: internal validity (checks the design of the experiment) and external validity (checks if the conclusion is the real explanation of the phenomenon).
Now, in marine biologist experiment, he concluded the results only after one breeding season. This makes his results unreliable as it might have happened by chance.
Similarly, in cola experiment the taste was only checked by one candidate i.e. Karl. He might have problem in his taste buds. In addition, the temperature of cola can also affects its taste which is not taken care of in the experiment. Hence, it is not the valid experiment.
Similarly. Jeanette could use more plants for her experiment and Robert just followed only one instruction. He didn't perform any experiment.
Answer:
Surface tension depends mainly upon the forces of attraction between the particles within the given liquid and also upon the gas, solid, or liquid in contact with it. The molecules in a drop of water, for example, attract each other weakly.
Example:
a glass of water is sitting on a table put a paper clip in it. it stays floating on the top.
Water striders can walk on water because of the surface tension of water.
I don’t have your list, but that would be the independent variable, or the IV.
