Explanation:
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False, but it was one of the main ways Islam spread, Islam spread through military conquest, trade, pilgrimage, and missionaries. Arab Muslim forces conquered vast territories and built imperial structures over time. ... The caliphate—a new Islamic political structure—evolved and became more sophisticated during the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates. Hope this helps :)
intensified Europe's sense of rivalry and mistrust among nations due to intense competition
Because they do not have any difference between any gender and everyone is treated the same
C the destruction of Jewish businesses and synagogues