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3 years ago

Define: Surface tension

1 answer:

4 0

the tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the surface layer by the bulk of the liquid, which tends to minimize surface area(google translation).

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How did flowers and fruits contribute to angiosperms becoming dominant land plants on earth?

Ainat [17]

Answer: The study, by Dr. Tim Brodribb and Dr. Taylor Field of the University of Tasmania and University of Tennessee, used plant physiology to reveal how flowering plants, including crops, were able to dominate land by evolving more efficient hydraulics, or 'leaf plumbing', to increase rates of photosynthesis.

Explanation: The reason for the success of this evolutionary step is that under relatively low atmospheric C02 conditions, like those existing at present, water transport efficiency and photosynthetic performance are tightly linked. Therefore adaptations that increase water transport will enhance maximum photosynthesis, exerting substantial evolutionary leverage over competing species.

The evolution of dense leaf venation in flowering plants, around 140-100 million years ago, was an event with profound significance for the continued evolution of flowering plants. This step provided a 'cretaceous productivity stimulus package' which reverberated across the biosphere and led to these plants playing the fundamental role in the biological and atmospheric functions of the earth.

4 0

2 years ago

PLEASE HELP QUICKLY !!!!!!!!!

Blababa [14]

You answer is this! 0.10p

7 0

3 years ago

100 POINTS IF CORRECT!!!

Yuliya22 [10]

From a Punnett square you can get the genotypic and phenotypic proportions of the progeny produced from a cross. Cross: PpRr x PpRr. F1: PPRR, PPRr, PPRr, PPrr, PpRr, Pprr, ppRR, ppRr, pprr.

<h3>What is a Punnett square?</h3>

The Punnett square is a graphic representation that shows the different types of gamete combinations according to the alleles involved in a cross.

Punnett square shows the probabilities of getting offspring with different genotypes and their consequent phenotypes.

In the exposed example, we know that two genes are involved in the cross.

As we can see, there are dominant and recessive alleles for both genes.

Since each genotype in the square results from the combination of parental gametes, we can figure out which are the parental genotypes.

For instance, let us consider the provided genotypes

PPRr.

We can assume one of the parents provided a P and a R dominant alleles, while the other parent provided another P allele but a r recessive allele.

PR + Pr ⇒ PPRr

ppRr.

One of the parents provided a p recessive allele and a R dominant allele, The other parent provided another p allele and a r recessive allele.

pR + pr ⇒ ppRr

pprr.

Both parents provided p and r recessive alleles.

pr + pr ⇒ pprr

From this information, we can assume parents are heterozygous for both genes.

Cross:

Parentals) PpRr x PpRr

Gametes) PR, Pr, pR, pr PR, Pr, pR, pr

Punnett square) PR Pr pR pr

PR PPRR PPRr PpRR PpRr

Pr PPRr PPrr PpRr Pprr

pR PpRR PpRr ppRR ppRr

pr PpRr Pprr ppRr pprr

F1) 1/16 individuals are expected to be PPRR

2/16 individuals are epected to be PPRr

1/16 individuals are expected to be PPrr

2/16 individuals are expected to be PpRR

4/16 individuals are expected to be PpRr

2/16 individuals are expected to be Pprr

1/16 individuals are expected to be ppRR

2/16 individuals are expected to be ppRr

1/16 individuals are expected to be pprr

For a better understanding, you will find the Punnett square in the attached files representing the parental gametes with different colors, and the resulting genotypes with a combination of these colors.

In this way, you will notice which gamete comes from which parent.

You can learn more about Punnett squares at

brainly.com/question/25357981

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