Ans.
Gene regulation or regulation of gene expression involves mechanisms, used by the cells to enhance or reduce the expression of specific genes to make proteins or RNA. Gene regulation occurs at transcriptional level and post-transcriptional level, which involves regulation at translational level or protein level.
Regulation at translational level or protein level is also important as regulation at transcriptional level. Translational regulation controls formation of proteins from mRNA molecules and includes non-coding mRNAs and repressor proteins. It is important for cell growth, differentiation and cellular response to stress and provides an immediate adjustment of gene expression by directly regulating the protein concentration.
Regulation at protein level involves regulation of active protein. It includes regulation by various small molecules, post-translational modifications (such as phosphorylation), and proteolysis. Regulation only at transcriptional level is not sufficient to provide proper gene regulation and leads to various drawbacks, such as Fragile X Syndrome (due to defect in a protein).
Thus, 'gene regulation is important both at transcriptional level and at post-transcriptional level (during translation or protein level).'
Answer:
Cancer is formed when there are mutations in a number of genes.
Explanation:
Malignant tumors are gene diseases which do not mean that cancer is necessarily an inherited disease (only in 5-10% of cases the cancer is inherited) because the vast majority of other tumors are the result of somatic, ie secondary, mutations that lead to malignant transformation.
Only 2% of human diseases are monogenic (caused by a change in one gene). The remaining 98% of the disease is either polygenic (caused by a change in several genes at the same time) or epigenetic (caused by non-genetic or post-genetic disorders of cellular molecules).
(a) solute = substance (solid or liquid) in lesser amount, which will [dis]solve into the solvent
(b) solvent = substance (liquid) in larger amount, which [dis]solves the solvent
it's dissolvability is called "solvency"
water is known as the universal solvent because it is abundant on Earth and has a high solvency
(c) solution = the combination of solvent + solute
depending on the saturation of solute within solvent, the solution may appear clear, like the solvent
**think of warm sugar-water (solution), when all the sugar (solute) dissolves into the water (solvent), the solute seems to have disappeared
Because of the way builds up in your body
Explanation:
when it's fully charged it's a ATP and when it's runs down it's ADP
and there are times when the cells need more energy and splits off another phosphate so it goes from ADP adenoside di-phosphate, to AMP, adenosine mono-phosphate
and there you have it
