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In the small intestine, cells contain microvilli, which are tiny hair-like projections that increase nutrient absorption. These projections increase the surface area of the small intestine allowing more area for nutrients to be absorbed.
Answer:
Ozone is formed in the stratosphere naturally.
High energy solar radiation strike the oxygen atoms O2, the two atoms split apart. The freed atom collides with another oxygen atom O2 forming O3 (Ozone)
Ozone layer is destroyed when chloroflourocarbons and halons.
CFCs and halons cause chemical reactions that break down ozone molecules. Consequences ofnozone depletion are that UV radiations are not filtered and they reach the earth causing damage to eyes and skin.
Explanation:
Ozone layer is a protective layer which protects from UV damaging radiations. It is formed when oxygen atoms are broken down by photolysis and a freed oxygen atom combines with another amd form O3.
Ozone is being depleted now because chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons—gases found in aerosol spray cans and refrigerants—are released into the atmosphere they decrease the ozone's ultraviolet radiation-absorbing capacity.Ozone layer depletion causes increased UV radiation levels at the Earth's surface, which is damaging to human health. Negative effects include skin cancers, eye cataracts and immune deficiency disorders.
The two enzymes that are used during DNA replication is helicase
and polymerase. Each enzyme has distinct role that made it a vital part of the replication.
In the course of DNA replication, the initial stage is to unzip the double
helix structure of the DNA molecule by the enzyme helicase, which breaks the
hydrogen bonds that holds the complementary bases of DNA.
Moreover, the DNA polymerase has the ability to exactly copy a
DNA template. This enzyme binds to the leading strand and then adding a new
complementary nucleotide bases to the DNA strand. In addition, it catalyzes the joining of
deoxyribonucleoside 5′-triphosphates (dNTPs) to form the increasing DNA chain.
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