Correct answer: D
A pollen is where male gametes are produced and so the number of chromosomes, as we are talking about gametes, is n. This means that the grain of pollen will only have a copy of each gene, and therefore only one allele for each gene - one S, and one T or t. So, the possible combinations are ST and St.
Answer: Protons contribute towards making ATP by producing proton-motive force that provides energy for ATP synthesis.
Explanation: In the respiratory chain, the transfer of electrons from one complex to another is accompanied by pumping of protons out of the matrix. This creates a difference in proton concentration and separation of charge across the mitochondrial inner membrane. The electrochemical energy inherent in this difference in proton concentration called proton-motive force is used to drive ATP synthesis as protons flow back passively into the matrix through a proton pore.
Scientist can look at DNA sequences to determine if they are related, A scientist named Darwin proved that all species are related and descended from one common ancestor.
Marine species are affected by climate change and examples of how their affected would be stormy weather, c<span>oral bleaching, and also altered lifestyles. </span>
