Answer: First option: It makes the food seem like something that should not be eaten.
Explanation:
The speaker in "Fish Cheeks" wants to help the reader feel the same way she herself feels when she sees the food. Every single detail of the description is meant to make us disgusted: the black veins being removed from shrimps, the appalling raw food - slimy, rubbery, spongy, bulging etc.
What is important to take into consideration is that the speaker - and since this is an autobiographic essay by Amy Tan, the author herself - is a 14-year-old girl who is in love with a boy. She's from a Chinese family; he couldn't be more American. And his family was invited over for Christmas' dinner at her home.
In the excerpt we're analyzing here, Amy is not looking at the food from her normal perspective. She's afraid of what the American family will think when they realize they'll have Chinese food for dinner instead of a turkey. She's afraid Chinese culture and customs will be too strange for them to put up with. All of that fear is reflected in the way she sees the food. The same things she describes as slimy, bulging and so on are, in reality, all Amy's favorite dishes. She wouldn't normally think of them as disgusting.