For Lincoln, allowing American democracy to succeed was compatible with the ideal of freedom; allowing secessionists to destroy it (in response to a democratic election) was not. In other words, Lincoln did not believe that true freedom was letting states do their own thing--and letting the pillars of American constitutional democracy run amok--but instead, in maintaining a union where the great experiment of democracy could flourish. As Lincoln himself said quite clearly in the Gettysburg Address, he was committed to making sure "...that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." I suppose you can argue that Lincoln's vision of freedom was not worth the price, but you cannot deny that he had a vision of freedom--and that, for him, this vision was compatible with maintaining the historic, unprecedented political freedom that was achieved in 1776.
Depending on the time period, here are three major crops:
1) Tobacco: Back when tobacco business was booming, the South grew large amounts of Tobacco, as the need for it was growing. However, Tobacco prices started to drop, and Tobacco played out the land to quickly, so farmers switched to the next one.
2) Cotton: One of the cash crops in the South, cotton grew well in hot, drier climates, and combined with the then-industrial revolution, the South economy was able to boom because of the great demands. In fact, the South was called "Cotton-King" because of the amount of cotton they created.
3) Rice: A stable food, Rice was eating by many varieties of people. It became extremely popular after the Asians moved to the US (mostly to the western south coast).
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After the war, the South had to accept and implement multiple things that it was opposing prior to the war. That led to major social changes and elimination of some elements while introducing new ones. Some of the elements that were eliminated were the segregation, racial discrimination, prejudice. Instead of those social elements were introduced tolerance, equal opportunities for everyone, living together and collaboration between the different races, and that gradually improved the society in the decades that followed.
The "Headright" system and the Land Lottery of 1805 were similar in that each "<span>was a method used by the state government to distribute public land to settlers", since the government at this time wanted to encourage settlement in the west. </span>