The correct answer is C. It is during this time that Islamic scholars made advancements in technology, literature, philosophy, mathematics, asstronomy and the arts. It is this time where the Islamic world was ruled by caliphates. All Islamic scholars were ordered to gather and translate all of the world's knowledge.
C. Germans turned to fascist leaders
The salad bowl concept suggests that the integration of the many different cultures of United States residents combine like a salad, as opposed to the more traditional notion of a cultural melting pot. New York City can be considered as being a "salad bowl".